high risk

Tax Preparers

Also known as: Certified Income Tax Preparer (CTP), Corporate Tax Preparer, Enrolled Agent, Income Tax Advisor, Income Tax Consultant, Income Tax Expert, Income Tax Preparer, Licensed Tax Consultant, Master Tax Advisor, Tax Advisor

Prepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses.

Higher risk than 97% of occupations

AI Impact Summary

Tax Preparers faces high AI displacement risk with a score of 53/100. This occupation has higher AI displacement risk than 97% of all analyzed occupations. Of 12 analyzed tasks, 5 are highly automatable, particularly routine cognitive tasks. Strong protective factors — including social intelligence, creativity, or regulatory barriers — significantly reduce effective risk.

Skill Impact Analysis

AI-Vulnerable

AI-Resistant

AI-Augmented

AI-Vulnerable

Reading Comprehension10%

High reliance on Reading Comprehension is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

Mathematics10%

High reliance on Mathematics is a risk area. Consider developing complementary AI-resistant skills to maintain value.

AI-Resistant

Complex Problem Solving75%

Complex Problem Solving is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

Social Perceptiveness90%

Social Perceptiveness is AI-resistant — strengthening this skill provides durable career protection.

+14 more skills

Education & Training

Percentage of workers at each education and training level

Education Level

High School Diploma30%

Some College5%

Post-Secondary Certificate10%

Associate's Degree25%

Bachelor's Degree20%

Master's Degree10%

Prior Experience Needed

Work experience required to enter this job

None32%

3-6 months11%

6 months - 1 year26%

1-2 years16%

2-4 years11%

4-6 years5%

Training Provided After Hiring

How long it typically takes to learn on the job

None5%

Up to 1 month21%

1-3 months26%

3-6 months26%

6 months - 1 year5%

1-2 years16%

How AI Impacts Each Task

12 tasks analyzed

Interview clients to obtain additional information on taxable income and deductible expenses and allowances.

Risk: 31.0%AI: 40Time: 10%

Use all appropriate adjustments, deductions, and credits to keep clients' taxes to a minimum.

Risk: 57.0%AI: 75Time: 15%

Prepare or assist in preparing simple to complex tax returns for individuals or small businesses.

Risk: 83.2%AI: 85Time: 25%

Compute taxes owed or overpaid, using adding machines or personal computers, and complete entries on forms, following tax form instructions and tax tables.

Risk: 87.2%AI: 95Time: 15%

Furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion.

Risk: 31.0%AI: 40Time: 5%

Task	AI Capability	Risk	Time %
Interview clients to obtain additional information on taxable income and deductible expenses and allowances.	40	31.0%	10%
Use all appropriate adjustments, deductions, and credits to keep clients' taxes to a minimum.	75	57.0%	15%
Prepare or assist in preparing simple to complex tax returns for individuals or small businesses.	85	83.2%	25%
Compute taxes owed or overpaid, using adding machines or personal computers, and complete entries on forms, following tax form instructions and tax tables.	95	87.2%	15%
Furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion.	40	31.0%	5%

Protective Factors

Total protective discount: 20.6%

Essential Soft Skills

Traits that are hard for AI to replicate

Attention to DetailIntegrityDependabilityAchievement/EffortStress ToleranceAnalytical ThinkingInitiativeConcern for OthersCooperationSelf ControlPersistenceIndependence